India's famous icon, the Taj Mahal, built in 1631 by Emperor Shah Jahan.for his belated and beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal. Mumtaz died while giving.birth to their 14th child. Over 20,000 workers and artisans worked on the Taj Mahal. It took them more than 20 years to complete this memorial, now a.World Heritage Site. Not long after completing the Taj, Shah Jahan was overthrown by his son Aurangzeb and imprisoned at the Agra Fort. The last years of his life were spent watching the Taj Mahal from a window..